1.At first glance,there hardly seems to be any comparison between Ravenna and Rome,but backin the 5th century ,it was Ravenna that served as capital of the Western Roman Empire. In this city,Roman rulers built monuments which are famous, then and now, for their sweeping mosaics (镶嵌图案). Seven of Ravenna's eight buildings from the 5th and 6th centuries are spectacularly decoratedwith examples of this ancient art. "In the past, many people couldn't read or write," says tour guideand Ravenna native Silvia Giogoli. "Mosaics were a way to explain the religion and the political situ-ation to the people. " Visitors to Ravenna can look at pieces of art by ancient artists, listen to musicians, and learn to make their own masterpieces.Travel Tips When to Go:June--October; weather is pleasant in April and May but historic sites can get crowded with school groups.Where to Stay:Walk through historic district sites from Albergo Cappello and stay at a modernHotel Centrale Byron.How to Get Around:Take the train from Bologna, and then walk, bike, or use taxis within the city.Where to Eat or Drink:Housed in a former movie theater, two-storey Ristorante Cinema Alex-ander blends 1940s Hollywood flavor with homemade Emilia Romagna courses and attentive service(helpful in translating the menu). For fresh seafood, try Osteria L'Accigua and Da Buco.What to Buy : Watch the next generation of Emilia Romagna mosaic artists createcontemporaryand traditional pieces in local studios where modern artists use the same methods as their Byzantineforefathers.What to Read Before You Go:Ravenna in Late Antiquity, by Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis-.2010) ,provides a wide-ranging look at the city's art, architecture, and history.Why is Ravenna in Late Antiquity recommended in this passage?

2.Such electron tubes__________in a radio set are also found in a TV set.

3.

Someone says,"Time is money."But I think time is1important than money.Why?Because when money is spent,we can get it back,However,when time is2it'll never3.That's4we mustn't waste time.

It goes without saying that the5is usually limited.Even a second is very important,We should make full use of our time to do6useful.

But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time,They spent their limited time smoking,drinking and7.They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own8.

In a word,we should save time.We shouldn't9today's work fortomorrow.Remember we have no time to10.6，

4.Train companies in Tokyo are taking action to reduce the number of people jumping in front of trains．They are fitting blue lights on station platforms to try and create a more calming atmosphere．The East Japan Railway Company has invested almost $170,000 to install the lights in all of the 29 stations on the capital's busy Yamanote Line．There has been an alarming rise in the number of people committing suicide at train stations．A total of 68 people threw themselves under trains in the year up to March．This compares with 42 suicides in the same period a year earlier．In 2008, Japan had nearly 2,000 suicides by jumping in front of a train; around six percent of all suicides nationwide．Suicides have risen sharply in the past decade due to poor economic conditions. 　　No one knows if the blue lights will work．There is no evidence to show that blue light reduces suicidal feelings． Keihan Railway spokesman Osamu Okawa stated: "We thought we had to do something to save lives．We know there is no scientific proof that blue lights deter suicides, but if blue has a soothing effect on the mind, we want to try it to save lives." The Associated Press news agency reports on a Japanese therapist called Mizuki 　　　Takahashi．She explained her reasons why the blue lights might be a good idea: "We associate the color with the sky and the sea．It has a calming effect on agitated people, or people obsessed with one particular thing, which in this case is committing suicide," she said．Other companies are watching this experiment with interest.[单选题] A Japanese therapist explained that __．

5.The environment affects the way people interact.To examine this conclusion,two researchers"decorated"three rooms:One room was refurnished to look ugly.The second room was intended to look average.The third room was designed to be beautiful.Individuals were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces.The resultsindicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way peoplerated the faces.Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition,subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room.Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate.One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors,listed in order of preference,were blue,green,purple,red and yellow.The colors listed from most to least arousing were red,orange,yellow,violet,blue,and green.Lighting also affects behavior.Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood ofintimacy(亲密）that encourages conversation.The bright lights of an office or classroom,on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.Room decoration,color,lighting,and even music and temperature all influence communication with others,but there is no all-purpose environment.The ideal environmentdepends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations ofthosepresent.The same environmentalfactors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create asereneclimate in which to study for final exams.The underlined word"serene"in the last sentence is closest in meaning to（）

6.根据以下资料，回答17-20题。 　　California families are facing a rapidly mounting uphill battle to make enough money to provide basic household essentials, according to a new study conducted by the California Budget Project. 　　The research compiled by the Sacramento-based non-profit organization concluded an average two-parent family with one employed adult in California needs to make $51,177 a year, or $24.60 cents an hour, to pay for housing, transportation, food, utilities, child care, health coverage, taxes and other basic expenses. 　　The number grows significantly higher in the Bay Area, the state's most expensive region．A Bay Area family of four with two working adults living in rental housing needs a combined income of $79,946 to cover essential needs．That number is more than four times greater than the $19,157 income level recognized by the federal government as impoverished. 　　The study is the fourth semi-annual survey conducted by the California Budget Project since 1999． California Budget Project executive director Jean Ross said helping state officials and residents understand the numbers found in the report is crucial to moving families toward self-sufficiency. "How should we be targeting some of our programs and policies? How much do young people need to earn and what kind of a job should they be looking to train for if they want to have that salary that can support a family?" 　　CBP said the project was based on actual costs or generally accepted fair standard prices based on weighted averages found in ten California regions.20 What has this study made people think about?

7.Where did you have your supper?___

8.The most important thing about cotton in history is___ part that it played in___Industrial Revolution

9.Look___the map___China___the wall,please.

10.

Farley worked for the Canadian government.One day, he was1 to learn moreabout wolves.Do wolves kill lots of caribou(北美弱鹿）？Do they kill people?

They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns.Then they put him on a plane andtook him to 2.The plane put him down and went away,There were no houses or people in this place.But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.

People tell terrible stories about wolves.They say wolves like to kill and eat people

Farley remembered these stories,and he was3 ,He had his gun with him4

Then one day,he saw a group of wolves.There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves.A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.

Farley watched these wolves every day.The mother was a very5 mother.Shegave milk to her babies,She gave them lessons about life.They learned how to6 food.The father wolf got food for the mother.The young wolf7 the children.Theywere a nice,happy family-wolf family!Farley did not need his8 any more.Inashort time,he got on well with the family.Farley watched them for five months.Helearned that many stories about the wolves were9 .Wolves do not eat people,and theydo not eat many large animals.And he also learned bad things about men.It was men whokilled many caribou and wolves.

Later,Farley wrote a book about wolves.He wanted people to10 them and notto kill them.9.

11.Passage OneOceanography has been defined as "The application of all sciences to the study of the sea.Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question"What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineer had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings (测水深) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition ( 考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.It was__________that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.

12.Nowadays little knowledge __ to be a dangerous thing.

13.材料题Like every language, American English is full of special expressions, phrases that come from the day-to-day life of the people and develop in their own way．Our expression today is “to face the music”． When someone says, “well, I guess I’ll have to face the music,” it does not mean he’s planning to go to the concert．It is something far less pleasant, like being called in by your boss to explain why you did this and did that, and why you didn’t do this or that．Sour music indeed, but it has to be faced At sometime or another, every one of us has had to face the music, especially as children．We can all remember father’s angry voice, “I want to talk to you．” and only because we did not obey him．What an unpleasant business it was! The phrase “to face the music” is familiar to every American, young and old,It is at least 100 years old ．And where did this expression come from? The first explanation comes from the American novelist, James Fenimore Looper．He said, in 1851, that the expression was first used by actors while waiting in the wings to go on the stage．When they got their cue to go on, they often said, “Well, it’s time to face the music．” And that was exactly what they did — facing the orchestra which was just below them．And an actor might be frightened or nervous as he moved on to the stage in front of an audience that might be friendly or perhaps hostile, especially if he forgot his lines．But he had to go out．If he did not, there would be no play．So the expression “to face the music” come to mean “having to go through something, no matter how unpleasant the experience might be, because you knew you had no choice．” Other explanations about the expression go back to the army．When the men faced an inspection by their leader, the soldiers would be worried about how well they looked ．Was their equipment clean, shinny enough to pass the inspection? Still the men had to go out and face the music of the band as well as the inspection．What else could they do? Another army explanation is more closely related to the idea of facing the results and accepting the responsibility for something that should not have been done．As, for example when a man is forced out of the army because he did something terrible, he is dishonored ．The band does not play．Only the drums tap a sad, slow beat．The soldier is forced to leave, facing such music as it is and facing the back of his horse．101 Which of the following is a situation of facing the music?

14.Memory is the ability to keep track of things that have happened in the past. Memory really isleaning. One needs memory to ride a bicycle. A dog needs to remember if it is to come when called.Memory is said to be stored in the brain as a “memory trace (记忆痕) .” What makes up this traceis not known. Some scientists believe that certain chemical substances may carry certain memories.For example, one substance, when given to rats, causes them to dear the dark.Other research into memory has to do with how the brain works. Psychologists use three meansto find out how a person remembers. For example, give a person a grocery list. Let the personmemorize the list, then put it away. The most natural way to find out how much a personremembers of the grocery list is to ask what he or she remembers. This is called the method ofrecall. Another method is called recognition. Gibe the person another grocery list. Ask him or her to choose items on the first list from the items that are on only the second list. Often a person will be able to recognize thins that he or she cannot recall. A third method of finding how much a person remembers is called relearning. Here the person is asked to read over the first list. The person will probably learn the list the second time faster than he did the first time. The difference in the time it takes to relearn the list is thought of as a measure of how much a person has remembered.One way of remembering something is to repeat it many times. Interest is very important. Boring lists of facts are much more difficult to remember than something that we understand and are interested in. Motivation, or wanting to do something, is also important. Motivation is linked with reward. For example, a hungry animal quickly learn how to do something if that action gets the animal food. In humans, wanting to learn is often motivation. The praise of a teacher or the knowledge that an answer is correct is rewarding.What is considered as a measure of how much one has remembered?

15.Passage FiveMark Twain is one of America's much-beloved authors,creating imaginative and humorousclassics for children and adults alike,such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,The Prince and ThePauper,and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Twain passed away in 1910,leaving behind a treasure of great literature.But now,100 years after his death,he'll have a brand-new book on the shelves: a three-volume autobiography.Twain hasn't been keeping busy in his tomb:it was his wish that publishers wait until 100years after his death to publish his memoirs(自传),which he spent the last decade of his lifeworking on.The autobiography totals more than 5,000 pages,and likely won't be all sunshine and roses.Itseems that Twain harbored some bitterness against former girlfriends and ex-friends.He also writes negatively about politicians of his day,such as Teddy Roosevelt.It's likely that he requested such a long lead time for the memoirs because he didn't want to hurt the feelings of anyone mentioned in this work.Although small sections of the memoirs have been previously published,the autobiography hasnever been available in full,and should provide great insights into the man behind the classicbooks.The first volume of the set will be available in November,and the trilogy is being published by the University of California,Berkeley."There are so many biographies of Twain,and many of them have used bits and pieces of theautobiography,"editor Robert Hirst told The Independent.“But biographers pick and choose what bits to quote.By publishing Twain's book in full,we hope that people will be able to come to their own complete conclusions about what sort of a man he was.”54.What does the underlined word“trilogy”in Paragraph 4 mean?

16.i wonder if I can ask him __time

17.根据以下资料，回答66-69题。We first think of the traditional or nuclear family．This is a two-generation family, the father and the mother and their own children．Most couples wanted to have four children, two boys, two girls. 　　Some nuclear families, however, may add one or more grandparents to come to live with them, that is three generations．This kind of family with grandparents, parents, and grandchildren is called an extended family．This family type was not very common during the later half of the twentieth century, but it's becoming more common now as an elderly grandparent moves in to live with a son or daughter．This is more possible now that American homes have become larger．What is interesting, however, is that after the grandchildren move out of the home and start their own families, this extended family shrinks back to a nuclear family, with just two generations again living together, a grandparent and parents, with the grandchildren coming only for occasional visits． 　　Now, the fatherless or motherless family is one kind of what we call a single-parent family．In the fatherless family it's just the mother and her children．As I said, this can be the result of the husband's death, of an unmarried mother, of a separation or divorce．There are also a growing number of motherless families--where the father raises the children, for any of the same reasons．A motherless family may also be fatherless, but still a family with one adult．This is becoming more common in the big cities where a grandmother will raise her daughter's children while the daughter goes elsewhere to work. 　　One other new kind of family is becoming increasingly more common．A single parent with one or more children will marry again．Perhaps the other parent is also a single parent．Together they will start what is called a blended family, which blends together or combines the children from two other families.68 What is true to the fact in America?

18.根据以下资料，回答9-12题。The year 2000 will bring big changes in communication．Cell phones will be small enough to carry in your pocket．Videophones will let you see the person you are talking to on the phone．Tiny hand size computers will know your favorite subjects．The Internet and email will be everywhere． 　　Technologists believe 2000 will be the year of video messaging．You will be able to see whom you're talking to. 　　Also in the near future small wireless boxes will pick up information from satellites．In 5 years, computers won't need to be connected through wires. 　　All of this will be good for rural areas and countries that don't have cable or telephone now． 　　In 20 years you may only need to think about something and the computer will do it. 　　Constance Hale is the author of Sin and Syntax, "I believe that email has been an incredible boon to communication．People are writing today where they would have been telephoning yesterday．So people are engaging with words more than they have for the last couple generations." If people use email and the Internet more, it could make people better readers and writers．Some people think the most important part of communication is to make people understand each other better．Will technology make that easier? 　　The translator also comes in handy in medical emergencies．Tam Dinh says, "Where people are injured it's always important to get as much information as quickly as possible." 　　Bob Parks is an Associate Editor of Wired Magazine, "Bob's morning begins at about 6:45 am．and Bob is kind of mad, because Bob usually gets up at around 7:15 and likes to cut it close with his morning commute, but I look at my radio and it says that there's a traffic jam on 101 South and I'm gonna need an extra 1/2 hour．And so my radio has got a net connection, wireless net connection as well as a good old power cord to the wall and it has received notice that there's a traffic jam and it has calculated an extra 1/2 hour commute time." 　　Some day everything may be connected to the Internet．Your refrigerator will add milk to your Internet grocery list when the date on the carton has passed．Light bulbs will be ordered before they burn out. 　　It's fun to try to guess the future．Usually the predictions are wrong．The one thing we know for sure is that we can't imagine how technology will change.10 Constance Hale says "email has been an incredible boon to communication"．What Does she mean by this?

19.__________all our kindness to help her,Sarah refused to listen to us．

20.Passage ThreeThe small number of newborn babies, which has been caused by high price and the changing social situation of women, is one of the most serious problems in Asia. When people talk about it, you can hear a word invented in Japan, "DINKS", which means Double Income No Kids.In many major Asian cities like Seoul, Singapore, and Tokyo, the cost of a house is extremely high. A young couple who want to buy their own house may have to pay about $ 300,000 (though prices have fallen). For a fiat with one bedroom, one dining-room, a kitchen,and a bathroom, the couple will pay about $ 900 a month. What's more, if they want to have a child, the child's education is very expensive. For example, most kindergarten charges are at a child, the child's education is very expensive~ For example, most kindergarten charges are at least $ 5,000 a year. In such a situation, it's difficult to afford children.The number of married women who want to continue working increases rapidly because they enjoy their jobs. However, if they want to have children, they immediately have serious problems. Though most companies allow women to leave their job for a short time to have a baby, they expect women with babies to gave up their jobs. In short, if they want to bring up children properly, both parents have to work, but it is hard for mothers to work. Indeed,women who want to continue working have to choose between having children or keeping their jobs.In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possibleAccording to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?