1.根据以下材料，回答48-51题 “When one of the doctors criticizes(批评)me，I get defensive：I feel like a child again，being scolded．and l want to explain that l’m not wrong．”says Viola，a nurse．This is a common reaction(反应)to criticism，but not a good one．There are better ways of dealing with criticism． (1)Try to be objective(客观)．When Sol was criticized by his new employer for not havingmade a sale，Sol’s reaction Was to feel sorry for himself．“I had put everything I had into makingthat sale，”Sol says，“and I felt that I had failed as a person．I had to learn through experience not to react like that to each failure．” (2)Take time to cool down．Rather than reacting immediately to criticism，take some time tothink over what was said．Your first question should be whether the criticism is fair from the otherperson’s position．The problem may be a simple misunderstanding of what you did or your reasons for doing it． (3)Take positive(积极的)action．After you cool down，consider what you can do about thesituation．The best answer may be“nothing”．“I finally realized that my boss was having personalproblems and taking them out on me because l was there，”says Sheila．“His criticisms didn’t reallyhave anytlling to do with my work，so nothing I said or did was going to change them．”In Sheila’s case，the best way to deal with it was to leave her job．However，that’s an extreme reaction．Youmay simply explain your opinion without expecting an in—depth discussion．You may even decide．thatthe battle isn’t worth fighting this time．The key，in any case，is to have a reasonable plan．When Sol was criticized by his employer，he．

2.California families are facing a rapidly mounting uphill battle to make enough money to provide basic household essentials, according to a new study conducted by the California Budget Project. 　　The research compiled by the Sacramento-based non-profit organization concluded an average two-parent family with one employed adult in California needs to make $51,177 a year, or $24.60 cents an hour, to pay for housing, transportation, food, utilities, child care, health coverage, taxes and other basic expenses. 　　The number grows significantly higher in the Bay Area, the state's most expensive region．A Bay Area family of four with two working adults living in rental housing needs a combined income of $79,946 to cover essential needs．That number is more than four times greater than the $19,157 income level recognized by the federal government as impoverished. 　　The study is the fourth semi-annual survey conducted by the California Budget Project since 1999． California Budget Project executive director Jean Ross said helping state officials and residents understand the numbers found in the report is crucial to moving families toward self-sufficiency. "How should we be targeting some of our programs and policies? How much do young people need to earn and what kind of a job should they be looking to train for if they want to have that salary that can support a family?" 　　CBP said the project was based on actual costs or generally accepted fair standard prices based on weighted averages found in ten California regions.[单选题] In the Bay Area, a family needs to earn __ the amount they do in other areas．

3.III. Cloze ( 30 points)In Britain, people have different attitudes to the police. Most people generally 21 them and the job they do-although there are certain people who do not believe that the police 22 have the power that they do.What does a policeman actually do? It is not 23 job to describe. After all, a policeman has a number of jobs in one. A policeman often has to control traffic,either 24 foot in the center of a town, or in a police car on the roads, indeed, in Britain, he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all, or a lot of, hit time 25 up and down main roads and motorways. A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving, stop 26 motorists and help when there is an accident.A policeman has to help keep the 27 , too. If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we 28 the police to come and restore order. And they often have to deal with situation at great risk to their own 29 .We expect the police to solve crimes, of course, so an ordinary policeman, even if he is not a detective, will often have to help 30 and arrest criminals.And 31 do we call when there is an emergency--an air crash, a fire, a road accident, or a robbery? We call the police. 32 a policeman has to be prepared to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the 33 world.The police do an absolutely necessary job, they do it 34 well and I support them, but I do not envy policeman. I do not think that I could 35 do the job of a policeman. （）A.Yet B.ThenC.As D.So

4.Which is___LiLei's box or Han Meimei's box?

5.The year 2000 will bring big changes in communication．Cell phones will be small enough to carry in your pocket．Videophones will let you see the person you are talking to on the phone．Tiny hand size computers will know your favorite subjects．The Internet and email will be everywhere． 　　Technologists believe 2000 will be the year of video messaging．You will be able to see whom you're talking to. 　　Also in the near future small wireless boxes will pick up information from satellites．In 5 years, computers won't need to be connected through wires. 　　All of this will be good for rural areas and countries that don't have cable or telephone now． 　　In 20 years you may only need to think about something and the computer will do it. 　　Constance Hale is the author of Sin and Syntax, "I believe that email has been an incredible boon to communication．People are writing today where they would have been telephoning yesterday．So people are engaging with words more than they have for the last couple generations." If people use email and the Internet more, it could make people better readers and writers．Some people think the most important part of communication is to make people understand each other better．Will technology make that easier? 　　The translator also comes in handy in medical emergencies．Tam Dinh says, "Where people are injured it's always important to get as much information as quickly as possible." 　　Bob Parks is an Associate Editor of Wired Magazine, "Bob's morning begins at about 6:45 am．and Bob is kind of mad, because Bob usually gets up at around 7:15 and likes to cut it close with his morning commute, but I look at my radio and it says that there's a traffic jam on 101 South and I'm gonna need an extra 1/2 hour．And so my radio has got a net connection, wireless net connection as well as a good old power cord to the wall and it has received notice that there's a traffic jam and it has calculated an extra 1/2 hour commute time." 　　Some day everything may be connected to the Internet．Your refrigerator will add milk to your Internet grocery list when the date on the carton has passed．Light bulbs will be ordered before they burn out. 　　It's fun to try to guess the future．Usually the predictions are wrong．The one thing we know for sure is that we can't imagine how technology will change.[单选题] Why did Bob Parks radio wake him up 1/2 hour earlier than usual?

6. I'm sure that they will__________the game.

7.South of the equator.81 percent of the surface of the earth___water

8.The news reportthat night was about a famine(饥荒）in Ethiopia.The pictures wereof people who were so thin that they looked like beings from another planet.The camera（摄像机）focused(聚焦）onone man so that he looked directly at me,sitting in my comfortable living room.All around was the sound of deathIt was clear that the world had not noticed this until now.You could hear the sadnessin the voice of the reporter,Michael Buerk.At the end of the report he was silent.Paulastarted crying,then rushed upstairs to check;our baby,Fifi,who was sleeping peacefully.I kept seeing the news pictures in my mind.What could I do?I was only a pop singerand by now not a very successfulpop singer.-All,I could do was to make records which noone bought.But I would do that.I would give all;the profits(利润）of the next Rats(thename of the music group he was in)record to:Oxfam(,an organization in Britain which helpspoor people around the world).What good would that do?It would only be a little moneybut it was more than I could give just from my bank account.Maybe some people wouldbuy it because the profits were for.Oxfam.And I would be protesting about this disaster（灾难）。But that was not enough What do we learn about the writer from the text?（）

9.

Passage One

A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers.

―Last week, ‖ he said, my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn ’t get it back.

―How did you write your advertisement? asked one of the listeners, a merchant.

―Here it is, said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper, The other man took it and read,

―Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street.

―Now, ‖said the merchant, ―Ioften advertise, and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try for your umbrella again, and if it fails, I ’ll buy you a new one. The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote:

―If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does n’t wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No.10 Broad Street. He is well known. This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when the opened the front door. (81) In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors that had been thrown in, and his own was among the number. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they hand been taken by mistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.The merchant suggested that the man should_______.

10.When you come here for your holiday next time,don't go to___hotel.I can findyou___ bed in my flat.

11.

Rosa liked making up stories.She was so1that her classmates believed herfrom time to time.in fact,the whole class believed her!At first she supposed it was2 Now,as she got up to3 before the class,she knew that make-believe stories had some way of coming back to make you sad.

Rosa's parents were separated,Nine months out of the year,Rosa lived with hermother in an apartment on Anderson Street.But when summer 4.she went to herfather's farm in Arizona.

The farm was great!Rosa rode horses and5 with some farm work.Her father.however,was so6 that he couldn't find time to go places with her.When she arrivedeach summer,her father would 7 her at the airport and take her out to eat.And theday she went back to the8he would always buy her a present.When summer came to a close,Rosa 9 to her mother.At school she heard lots ofstories her friends told about their family trips.Rosa wished she had a10to talkabout.

Not long after11began,Rosa was looking through travel magazines in the schoollibrary.They talked about many exciting12,like England and Germany.WhenRosa's friends asked what she had done that summer,she made up something that was not13.Remembering the travel magazines she had looked at,she told her classmates thatshe and her father had gone to14.When the class began studying England,Mr.Thomas asked Rosa to tell all the thingsshe could15 about her trip to England!8单选

12.Memory is the ability to keep track of things that have happened in the past. Memory really isleaning. One needs memory to ride a bicycle. A dog needs to remember if it is to come when called.Memory is said to be stored in the brain as a “memory trace (记忆痕) .” What makes up this traceis not known. Some scientists believe that certain chemical substances may carry certain memories.For example, one substance, when given to rats, causes them to dear the dark.Other research into memory has to do with how the brain works. Psychologists use three meansto find out how a person remembers. For example, give a person a grocery list. Let the personmemorize the list, then put it away. The most natural way to find out how much a personremembers of the grocery list is to ask what he or she remembers. This is called the method ofrecall. Another method is called recognition. Gibe the person another grocery list. Ask him or herto choose items on the first list from the items that are on only the second list. Often a person willbe able to recognize thins that he or she cannot recall. A third method of finding how much aperson remembers is called relearning. Here the person is asked to read over the first list. Theperson will probably learn the list the second time faster than he did the first time. The differencein the time it takes to relearn the list is thought of as a measure of how much a person hasremembered.One way of remembering something is to repeat it many times. Interest is very important. Boringlists of facts are much more difficult to remember than something that we understand and areinterested in. Motivation, or wanting to do something, is also important. Motivation is linked withreward. For example, a hungry animal quickly learn how to do something if that action gets theanimal food. In humans, wanting to learn is often motivation. The praise of a teacher or theknowledge that an answer is correct is rewarding.We can learn from the 2nd paragraph that_____.

13.

Passage Four

There are two common explanations for origin of tipping. The Oxford English Dictionary says tip was seventeenth-century underworld slang for —giveas in ― Tip me your money or your life. Opponents (85) of tipping will probably prefer this explanation, since it suggests the practice as originally a form of robbery. A less reputable, but nonetheless charming explanation is that in Renaissance( 文艺复兴 ) coffeehouses, boxes were set near the door, into which customers could drop money: These boxes, according to the story, bore the legend ― To Insure Promptitude, which was ultimately shortened to TIP. Whether it was a serving woman or a boss with his or her eye on depressing wages who first thought up the idea, the story does not say.

Tipping became common in England by the middle of the eighteenth century. Because it is ill-suited to a country without an established servant class,it did not catch on in America until after the Civil War, when former slaveholders suddenly found themselves having to pay the help and when new-rich industrialists adopted the European fashion. By the turn of the century, we had made the custom our own, and the American ― big tipper was on his way. Today, although the lines between bribery( 贿赂 ) and thanks for services remain as vague as ever, tipping has become universal, not least because, in an increasingly uncertain economy, it provides the growing service class with income that is at least as reliable as wages and that is less subject to tax review. Not surprisingly, government officials as among the few die-hards who still question the tipping system. They have a point too. Tippers ’ International Association estimates that U.S. workers get about $5 billion a year in tips.In the seventeenth century, tip was probably a word used by_____.

14.You___go and see a doctor at once because you've got a fever

15.

Ideas about polite behaviour differ from one culture to another.Some societies, such as America and Australia,for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move house quite often. As a m result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only ma short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it's normal to have

friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.

On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example,will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.

To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a

passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it's no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don't want to answer.

Cross-cultural differences aren't just a problem for travelers, but also for people in daily life. Some societies have " universalist'' cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. "Particularist" ( 强调特性的)societies also have rules, but they are less important than the society's unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.Which of the following is true about the rules in "particularist" societies?

16.选出下面读音不同的选项()。

17.John lives on___floor.He doesn't use a lift to go up and down.

18. 根据以下材料，回答21-35题 Drawing a picture is the simplest way of putting an idea down on paper．That is 21 menfirst began to write six thousand years ago or22．The alphabet we now use 23 down to usover a long period of time．It was developed from the picture—writing of ancient Egypt． Picture—writing was useful in many 24．It could be used to express ideas as well as 25．For example，a drawing of a26meant the object“man"． 27 a drawing of a man lying on the groud with a spear in him meant“28”． Besides the Egyptians，the Chinese 29 the American Indians also developed ways 30writing in pictures．But only 31much could be said this way．Thousands of pictures would have beenneeded 32 express all the ideas that people might have．It would have taken many thousand more toexpress all the objects33 to men．No one could34 so many pictures in a lifetime．Nor couldanyone learn the meaning of all 35 drawings in a lifetime．31.查看材料

19.Only the Peace Prize can __________ begiven to a group.应选( )

20.你是Alice.你的朋友Bonnie很快就要到你的乡间小屋拜访，但你却要出去一会儿。留一张便条给她，告诉她食品在哪儿，告诉她一个人在屋里时应注意些什么。